Unwittingly, she became the public face of the disaster. Over a decade on from that terrible event, From Behind the Mask charts the true inside story of Pam's journey from victim to survivor and campaigner. Notes: Both Eltham Well Hall and Eltham Park were closed on the same day and replaced by a new Eltham Station located between the two of them. The other routes are the Chatham Main Line which runs along the north Kent coast to Ramsgate or Dover via Chatham and High Speed 1 which runs through the centre of Kent to the coast at Folkestone where it joins the Channel Tunnel. Special Features: * The first work in existence to examine technologists in detail * Contains over 1,500 entries giving detailed information * Extensive cross-references enable the reader to compare subjects and build up a picture of ... The Southall rail crash occurred on 19 September 1997, on the Great Western Main Line at Southall, west London.An InterCity 125 high speed passenger train (HST) failed to slow down in response to warning signals and collided with a freight train crossing its path, causing seven deaths and 139 injuries.. All three of these coaches were leaning over on their left sides to various degrees, with the leading end of the fifth coach having been badly damaged by the impact with the fourth coach. The curve has a permanent speed restriction of 50 miles per hour (80 km/h). Eltham Palace is a large house in Eltham, within the Royal Borough of Greenwich, South East London, England. The driver and five passengers were killed, and 126 people were injured. With practical information about tools, techniques and coping in various situations as well as inspirational interviews and advice from reportage artists working in the field, this book will fill a gap in this growing market. This issue was however was brought up again in 1991 after the Cannon Street station rail crash in which the driver in that instance was believed to have been high on Cannabis and caused a buffer-stop collision. The accident was never explained; the train ran through Grantham station, where it was scheduled to stop, and derailed on a set of points on a sharp curve at the end of the platform, which at the time had been set for a freight train. Storyline. Serious accident at Well Hall roundabout. Secondary Cause. However when approaching Eltham Park railway station he became concerned at the train's apparent speed and more so as it neared Eltham Well Hall, where a sharp curve changed the train's direction from southwest to northwest. The following traffic incidents and congestion for Eltham have been reported by Highways England, Traffic Scotland, Traffic Wales or Transport for London (TfL) in the last two hours: BROKEN DOWN VEHICLE. Story No. Eltham Palace. As he did not need to be on duty until the afternoon, Wilsdon joined his two brothers for lunch at around 12:55, the three travelling to a local pub where they stayed until closing time just after 14:00. A third smashed bottle found was later proven to have been a medicine bottle and was unlikely to have carried any alcohol at the time of the accident. General Dun describes his background, his early life and training (in England and India), and his involvement with the Burmese nationalist movement. From 1st October 1916, the station was known as “Well Hall and North Eltham”. In 1927, yet another renaming occurred, the Southern Railway designating the site as “Eltham (Well Hall)” from 26th September. The South Eastern Main Line is a major long-distance railway route in South East England, UK, one of the three main routes crossing the county of Kent, going via Sevenoaks, Tonbridge, Ashford and Folkestone to Dover. (Photo by Evening Standard/Hulton Archive/Getty Images) The Purley station rail crash was a train collision that occurred just to the north of Purley railway station in the London Borough of Croydon on Saturday 4 March 1989, leaving five dead and 88 injured. One by Car Park and One by Well Hall Road Storage spaces 40 You may leave your cycle in the rack provided however you do so at your own risk. There are currently no news items related to this accident. This accident has been the subject of a published formal accident investigation, which you will find below. 0 references. An excursion train returning from Margate came off the track on the sharp curve outside the station. A guide that shows painters, drawers, doodlers, and urban sketchers how to bring their drawings to life with colorful, bold, yet accessible painting methods. Well Hall station will be partially covered by the new Rochester Way relief road. 1972 – The Eltham Well Hall rail crash, caused by an intoxicated train driver, kills six people and injures 126. Copyright Info. It happened when a British Rail freight train collided at low speed with the side of a local passenger train. RSS Feeds 2 January 1971 - Ibrox Stadium Disaster - 66 fatalities. The crash closed Route 51 from Jefferson … Found inside – Page 45Six cases which were classed as manslaughter involved 14 victims , including 5 in the “ Big Dipper ” tragedy at Battersea Funfair and 5 in the train crash outside Eltham Well Hall Station . Two cases were classed as infanticide . ... Are people giving up on the train in Eltham? The local timezone is named Europe / London with an UTC offset of zero hours. The original document format was Stapled Book, and comprised 27 pages. "A state of war" was how one rueful BNP leader would describe what happened next. Not only is Beating the Fascists a meticulously researched study, it is also a much-needed piece of history from below. The Dartford Loop Line is one of three lines linking London with Dartford in Kent, England. It seems these splashes were too late and light to register in the cab.

Trying to gain Wilsdon's attention, he made two light applications ("splashes") of the guard's brake. The line was heavily graded with a summit some 400 yards inside the eastern portal of the Woodhead tunnel. The 17:18 express train from London Paddington to Oxford—with approximately 650 passengers on board—was derailed while travelling at around 70 mph (110 km/h) between Ealing Broadway and West Ealing. The front of the cab was torn open and debris thrown and 'ploughed' inside, killing Wilsdon and severely injuring Stokes. The Wembley Central rail crash was a fatal railway accident that occurred on 11 October 1984 just outside Wembley Central railway station, Greater London.. The Eltham Well Hall crash occurred on the evening of June 11, 1972. Eltham Destination Guide (England, United Kingdom) - Trip ... Despite his experience and long time working on the railways, Wilsdon had been reprimanded five times throughout his career. Report on the Derailment that occurred on 11th June … Found inside – Page 367... died and the more than 100 who were injured at Eltham Well Hall about 19 years ago in a crash in which the train driver was well above the limit in the Bill . I do not pretend that a significant number of train drivers take alcohol ... Eltham Well Hall rail crash - Wikidata Shortly thereafter, Wilsdon and Stokes returned and entered the cab preparing for departure, with neither seeming unusual: when Arundell told them to hurry up, Wilsdon calmly noted they could regain lost time on the journey. As well as Wilsdon, two passengers died at the scene; a woman later died of her injuries in August and a male likewise in November, bringing the number of fatalities to five. Found inside – Page 572Four persons , including driver , were killed and over thirty injured when excursion train jumped rails near Well Hall station , Eltham . 16. Collapse of roof of railway tunnel at Vierzy near Soissons caused two trains to collide ... The Eltham Well Hall rail crash was an accident on the British railway system that occurred on 11 June 1972 at approximately 21:35. One person was awarded the British Empire Medal for his part in the aftermath of the collision. New!! Compliments. Eltham railway station is in the Well Hall area of Eltham, South East London, within the Royal Borough of Greenwich. This was agreed as there was no evidence to the contrary and it was believed that Wilsdon was travelling to Ramsgate at this time. Stokes was unable to recall much of what occurred at Margate and Wilsdon died, so it was uncertain as to what had occurred during this period, and although a pub was close to the station, it was considered that they did not have enough time to reach it. An excursion train from Margate to Kentish Town derailed on a sharp curve at Eltham Well Hall station, killing the driver - … We know of 9 airports closer to New Eltham, of which 5 are larger airports. With a beautifully designed cover and professionally typeset manuscript, this edition of William Le Queux’s The Invasion of 1910 is a classic novel reimagined for modern readers. The centrepiece of the park is the Tudor Barn, which despite its name dates from the early 17th century, although previous moated buildings on the site can be traced back to 1253. By the time the train approached Eltham Well Hall station it was running at around 65 miles per hour (105 km/h). Legislation should be introduced to make it an offence for railway staff with safety responsibilities to be intoxicated while on duty. This caused both coaches to overturn onto their right side, with the leading end of the second coach coming to a stand in front of the locomotive and the rear of the first coach, which in combination with the fourth coach, formed an "N" shape with the first four coaches. The Eltham Well Hall rail crash was an accident on the British railway system that occurred on 11 June 1972 at approximately 21:35.

41 died at the scene with 2 dying later in hospital. Stephen Lawrence Well Hall Road, Eltham, London, UK Just Now Stephen Lawrence 13.9.1971 22.4.1993 May He Rest In Peace. Stokes recalled that when Wilsdon turned to speak with him, he "smelt something pretty strong" on the driver's breath and when asked, Wilsdon explained that he had been drinking at lunchtime and later had some sherry prior to arriving in Ramsgate. Derailment. Bus routes 132, 161 and 286 are diverted. Eltham station Well Hall Road Eltham Greater London SE9 6SL. The Purley station rail crash was a train collision that occurred just to the north of Purley railway station in the London Borough of Croydon on Saturday 4 March 1989, leaving five dead and 88 injured. RSS Feeds The Marden rail crash occurred on 4 January 1969 near Marden, Kent, United Kingdom, when a passenger train ran into the rear of a parcels train, having passed two signals at danger. The driver and five passengers were killed, and 126 people were injured. The other station that closed in 1985 was Eltham Well Hall located a couple of hundred metres west of the current station. It also meant that his Supervisors at Hither Green would not see him in person. At that time, it was divided into the new British Railways' Eastern Region, North Eastern Region, and partially the Scottish Region. 6026 documents9169 accidentsUpdated 8th Nov, On This Day in History - 1987: 31 people die as a fire, started under an escalator, destroys the Kings Cross underground ticket hall | More ». The Eltham Well Hall rail crash was an accident on the British railway system that occurred on 11 June 1972 at approximately 21:35. However, as the train approached Sittingbourne, the train was forced to briefly stop due to signals and it was held again momentarily around Rainham by Signalman Obee who had been forced to open his level crossing to allow a pair of buses through as the train was running late. Secondman Stokes, who agreed with Wilsdon to get some extra drinks at Ramsgate was severely criticised for his "disgraceful" behaviour in drinking three pints prior to taking the train back to Margate, but it was agreed that Stokes' young age and weak character meant that he seemed unwilling to stop Wilsdon from going to get some drink. British Rail staff who came in contact with Wilsdon on 11 June (His Supervisor at Hither Green, Depot staff at Ramsgate, Secondman Stokes, Railway Club staff at Ramsgate, Guard Atterbury, Stationmaster Arundell and his staff at Margate, Railman Fleming and Signalman Obee at Rainham) were all intensively questioned and gave evidence at the inquiry regarding the state of Wilsdon, to which all agreed that Wilsdon appeared perfectly fit and sober even as late as his unscheduled stop in Rainham, with the only person aware of Wilsdon already having drunk alcohol prior to reaching Ramsgate being Secondman Stokes, who considered him still fit and sober enough to drive the train.
Contributions Wilsdon and Stokes were to sign on duty at Hither Green in person by 15:42 to catch a train as passengers to Ramsgate, transferring at Dartford. The last station the train passed on its journey that Atterbury had to time was at Bexleyheath railway station 4.3 miles (6.9 km) east of the accident site. Go to top. The curve had a Maximum permitted speed to be tak ‘This evidence suggests that the most likely cause of this was wheelslide, almost certainly a result of low adhesion between the wheels and the track. The second excursion train, scheduled to leave Margate at 20:05 was to be crewed by Driver Wilsdon, Secondman P.E. At no point did Wilsdon even attempt to slow his train beyond having already shut off the engine to coast which was normal at this long downhill sector of the line. your own Pins on Pinterest The Barnes rail crash, in which 13 people were killed and 41 were injured, occurred at Barnes railway station late in the evening of 2 December 1955. Though the explosion caused significant damage to the property, Cannon Falls police are reporting no injuries from the accident. Jan 15, 2015 - A major rail crash happened at Well Hall on Sunday evening 11 June 1972. The Tunnel Railway was a 2 ft narrow-gauge underground railway in Ramsgate, Kent, England. An excursion train from Margate to Kentish Town derailed on a sharp curve at Eltham Well Hall station, Eltham, London. Eltham Well Hall rail crash, 11 June 1972; 6 killed, 126 injured: excessive speed on curve: driver intoxicated, assistant driver inexperienced …

Six lives were lost including the driver, and 126 people were injured. The Polmont rail accident, also known as the Polmont rail disaster, occurred on 30 July 1984 to the west of Polmont, near Falkirk, in Scotland. The line was realigned north of the new Eltham Station to make way for the Rochester Way Relief Road. Project. The Ashford–Ramsgate line is a railway that runs through Kent from Ashford to Ramsgate via Canterbury West. It is an unoccupied royal residence and owned by the Crown Estate. He had worked with Wilsdon occasionally before and had driven with him a few times prior. A train car exploded this morning at the Progressive Rail facility in Cannon Falls. However, this evidence was seemingly contradicted by a later statement made by Secondman Stokes when they met at Ramsgate, in which Wilsdon told Stokes that he had "ended up going somewhere and drinking some Sherry". -- More Tools -- The Eltham Well Hall rail crash was an accident on the British railway system that occurred on 11 June 1972 at approximately 2135. Found inside – Page 572... when excursion train jumped rails near Commission on Mining and the Environment , Well Hall station , Eltham . ... In inquest on victims of with loss of all 63 persons on board , including eight Eltham train crash , jury brought in ... "The Devil Doctor" by Sax Rohmer. The Cannon Falls Police Dep Guard Atterbury was 57 and had been a guard since 1948 and was based at London Bridge and although he had worked the Bexleyheath line before, he had never done so on a fast train. Eltham Well Hall Rail Crash. instance of. [6]. The Grantham rail accident occurred on 19 September 1906. Categories. Although Wilsdon paid the fine, British Rail were not notified of this occurrence until a colleague of Wilsdon's was similarly charged five days later and both men were subsequently suspended shortly afterwards, to which Wilsdon immediately appealed, claiming that the event was an isolated incident he was thoroughly ashamed of and that he had been celebrating a promotion to Passed Fireman with his colleague who greatly assisted him, later claiming to a representative from the Associated Society of Locomotive Engineers and Firemen that he would not drink again. The driver of the Excursion train was Robert Wilsdon, a Driver for British Rail's Southern Region based at Hither Green TMD since December 1961. Eltham stabbing suspect arrested . An underground train hit the wall at the southern terminus at Moorgate Underground station after the driver failed to stop the train. [7]. Legislation should be introduced to make it an offence for railway staff with safety responsibilities to be intoxicated while on duty. Go to top. Accounts of the incident show the radically different safety culture back then. The final uncertainty was the fact that when his body was Autopsied, Wilsdon's blood alcohol content was 0.278% (the legal limit for driving a road vehicle in England at that time was 0.08%). Eltham Well Hall. According to police, just before 11 p.m. Monday, a dump truck collided with a train carrying petroleum gas. Eltham rail crash; Eltham train crash; Eltham Well Hall train crash; Statements. Further Research This evidence contradicts that of Wilsdon's brothers who claimed that he had not drunk between 14:02 and 17:15. [2]. Found insideUnlike London Transport , who have a four - rail system , British Rail have a three - rail one , and all three are ... on the railmen's excursion train that crashed at Eltham ( Well Hall ) , South London , in June 1972 , killing six and ... This document was published on 1st June 1973 by Department of the Environment. He had worked with Wilsdon a few times before and considered him an experienced driver. Having left Margate eight minutes late and scheduled to run non-stop (aside from a later stop to change crew), Wilsdon was able to run the train at high speed and according to Atterbury's timings, was only a minute late after passing Faversham (24 miles (39 km) from Margate). A westbound push-pull express train travelling from Edinburgh to Glasgow struck a cow, which had gained access to the track through a damaged fence from a field near Polmont railway station. At the subsequent public inquiry it was revealed that Wilsdon had been intoxicated by alcohol. Date Killed Injured Type Details ; 17 April 1948: 24: 30: Winsford rail accident (1948), Cheshire: Glasgow to Euston train was stopped by passenger inappropriately pulling communi infobox UK rail accident title= Cannon Street station rail crash date= 8 January 1991 location= Cannon Street station line = London - Sevenoaks (Network SouthEast) title= Cannon Street station rail crash date= 8 January 1991 location= Cannon Street station line = London - Sevenoaks (Network SouthEast) In 1100 Jordan de Briset Lord of Clerkenwell was recorded as owning two manors in the Eltham area East-Horne and Well-hawe or Well-hall; the manor of Well Hall was also sometimes described as a mansion.
... Are people giving up on the train in Eltham? Eltham. Request a quote. Famous Impostors The 22:30 express from King's Cross to Edinburgh, hauled by D9004 The Queens Own Highlander, was travelling along the Down Fast line at around 75 mph when the rear portion of the train was derailed to the left. (The main cause of the Eltham Well Hall rail crash). Criminal proceedings []. Details. In contrast, Stokes claimed that Wilsdon mentioned drinking some sherry when they met at Ramsgate. Of course the road does cut a corner of the park off, and the footpath was realigned because of this. See more ideas about east london, london, nostalgia. Both brothers confirmed that he had not drunk after leaving the pub and were adamant on this point at the later public inquiry. 1972 rail crash in London. Serious accident at Well Hall roundabout Links Go to top. The Cannon Street station rail crash was an accident on the British railway system which occurred on 8 January 1991 at Cannon Street station. 14 passengers were killed and 50 injured in the disaster. [5]. Hatherley writes with unrivalled aggression about the disarray of modern Britain, and yet this remains a book about possibilities remembered, about unlikely successes in the midst of seemingly inexorable failure. The 23:12 electric passenger train travelling from Waterloo to Windsor and Chertsey collided with the rear of a LMS [3]. The locomotive jumped the sharp curve, derailing and rolling onto its left side and sliding through a coal yard. On 12 December 1988 the 07:18 from Basingstoke to London Waterloo, a crowded 12-car train made up of four-car 4VEP electric multiple units 3033, 3119 and 3005, was approaching Clapham Junction when the driver saw the signal ahead of him change from green ("proceed") to red ("danger"). Wembley Central rail crash He was thoroughly criticising of Wilsdon's behaviour, describing it as "reprehensible" and "disgraceful". (The main cause of the Eltham Well Hall rail crash). Gordon was a miner and the family lived at Black Snake Creek, Dargo. Compliments. Diesel locomotive - Unionpedia, the concept map Eltham Hill School Map Laidlaw survived the action to win another celebrated VC. This is the perfect book for all former Boy Scouts - and for anyone interested in stirring deeds performed by brave men and boys in war. See more ideas about east london, london, nostalgia. 1007 Western Talisman, which had been manufactured in 1962 and was based at Laira Depot, where it had run an estimated 950,000 miles since its entry into service.Like all engines, the Class 52 featured several lead-acid batteries primarily to pre-heat and start the two engines. crash I much regret to report that five passengers in the train and its driver lost their lives and that 126 people, including the secondman on the locomotive, were injured and were either taken to hospitals in the area or received medical attention at the site of the accident: 40 of those taken to hospital were detained, some of them being very seriously injured.

Shotlist. Five passengers were killed and 18 were injured. UK ELTHAM TRAIN CRASH: Projects. The stations at Well Hall and Eltham Park were closed on the previous day. : [4], The train arrived at Margate and the entrainment of passengers was routine, with boarding complete by 20:04. Rolt (1956) described it as "the railway equivalent of the mystery of the Marie [sic] Celeste". Guard Atterbury was not criticised whatsoever for his behaviour and it was considered unfortunate that his "splashes" were too weak to gain Wilsdon's attention. Driver intoxicated. The truck driver exited his vehicle and ran from the scene prior to the crash; he sustained minor injuries that were unrelated to the crash sequence. It is known as the spot of a rail crash in 1972 caused by a drunk driver. None of the staff were criticised for failing to stop Wilsdon from his duties under the belief he was too drunk and evidence by Wilsdon's father-in-law, brothers and friends confirmed that although Wilsdon did drink heavily, he could "carry" his alcohol well and that the amount of alcohol he drank was not enough to make his drunkenness visible, although the report believed that Wilsdon's actions at Rainham and his reactions at Eltham Well Hall clearly showed that he was beginning to suffer effects of drunkenness. The Eltham Well Hall rail crash was an accident on the British railway system that occurred on 11 June 1972 at approximately 21:35. The Thirsk rail crash occurred on 31 July 1967 at Thirsk, Yorkshire, England on the British Rail East Coast Main Line. In reality, Wilsdon did not leave for Rainham station until 17:15 and as such his move was solely to try and gain extra pay for two hours that he was not actually on duty. We’ll get back to you with a free quote ASAP! A combination of the signal checks at Sittingbourne and Rainham and the unscheduled stop at Rainham had caused Wilson to lose most of the progress he had made between Margate and Sittingbourne. None. The Yattalgoda train crash was an accident on a Sri Lankan rail line near the town of Kurunegala on 19 August 2001. Of these penalties, three were fairly minor isolated offences (unauthorised absence in October 1960, persistent lateness in February 1961 and a "relatively minor driving offence" in February 1963) but two were serious offences, one of which resulted in a temporary suspension. This was a major factor in three serious derailments between 1969 and 1994. The first coach followed the overturned locomotive but remained upright, the coupling failing quite late into the sequence. [3] Latest Documents Whilst it was agreed that it was a fairly common occurrence in the Southern Region and British Rail had adopted a policy where certain drivers could be granted need to book on via Telephone (Typically those either living far from depots or those whose duties commenced far from their depots). The other station that closed in 1985 was Eltham Well Hall located a couple of hundred metres west of the current station. April 20, 2019 John Smith 0 Comments. British Railways (Southern Region) Primary Cause. infobox UK rail accident title= Cannon Street station rail crash date= 8 January 1991 location= Cannon Street station line = London - Sevenoaks (Network SouthEast) title= Cannon Street station rail crash date= 8 January 1991 location= Cannon Street station line = London - Sevenoaks (Network SouthEast) The rear of the coach had been somewhat damaged by the fifth, sixth and seventh coaches passing by it, derailed but still on the track. BACC is a train protection system used in Italy on railway lines using 3kV DC electrification. Please see this explanation for further details. Good Press publishes a wide range of titles that encompasses every genre. From well-known classics & literary fiction and non-fiction to forgotten−or yet undiscovered gems−of world literature, we issue the books that need to be read. He immediately tried to signal to the driver to stop but was unable to gain Wilsdon's attention. Sep 22, 2014 - This Pin was discovered by Carolee White. He later commented to Stokes a joking complaint about the first excursion train, calling it a "slow bastard". It is shown more clearly on the 1947/1954 map. The driver and five passengers were killed, and 126 people injured. Stokes had arrived first, having spoken with the supervisor at Ramsgate to ascertain the details of the train. Definitions of Ladbroke_Grove_rail_crash, synonyms, antonyms, derivatives of Ladbroke_Grove_rail_crash, analogical dictionary of Ladbroke_Grove_rail_crash (English) A diesel locomotive pulling ten coaches entered the curve which has a 20 mph speed restriction at 65 mph. Risk Management in Port Operations, Logistics and Supply Chain Security is the first book to address security, risk and reliability issues in maritime, port and supply chain settings. : CFPD said the explosion occurred at 7:03 this morning. In the Electric Railway Society Journal in 1981, the following was reported: Eltham Well Hall station is to be replaced by a massive bus/rail interchange at Glenlea Road. In 1995 its management was handed over to English Heritage which restored the building in 1999 and opened it to the public.

1973 – Libya nationalizes Bunker Hunt concession; Nigeria acquires 35 percent participation in Shell-BP concession; 1974 – Bundy victim Georgann Hawkins disappears from UW, Seattle, Wash ", -- More Tools -- Eltham Well Hall Railway Station. Eltham Well Hall. Railman Akehurst, who had heard the derailment, immediately called Dartford signal box and reported the derailment. This document was kindly sourced from Harry Knox and is in our Accident reports collection. This did not occur, and the two met up at Ramsgate Depot by the locomotive at around 18:25. In 1995 its management was handed over to English Heritage which restored the building in 1999 and opened it to the public. Amagasaki rail crash JR福知山線脱線事故; Aftermath of the Amagasaki rail crash: Details; Date: 25 April 2005: Time: 09:19 (JST) Location: Amagasaki, Hyogo: Coordinates: 34°44′29.3″N 135°25′35.7″E  /  34.741472°N 135.426583°E  / Coordinates: 34°44′29.3″N 135°25′35.7″E  /  country. From the evidence gained of Wilsdon's activities on 11 June, a fairly thorough timeline of Wilsdon's movements were tracked and confirmed by those who he made contact with but three moments of uncertainty were later found in Wilsdon's movements that day. CFPD said the explosion occurred at 7:03 this morning. On-train data recorders would make the finding of evidence easier following railway accidents. The 08:44-arriving commuter train failed to stop at Platform 3 of the terminus at around 10 mph. Report on the Derailment that occurred on 11th June 1972 at Eltham (Well Hall) Station in the Southern Region British Railways Document Summary The report into the derailment at Eltham in 1972, caused by the intoxicated driver taking a sharp curve at excessive speed.

Usjjf Rank Requirements, Large Masses Becoming Wonders Of Nature Good Or Bad, Microsoft Surface Power Supply Not Working, Snowflake Array Flatten, World Politics: Interests, Interactions, Institutions 4th Edition Summary, Small Commercial Property For Sale Richmond, Va, Quickvue Covid Test Instructions,