origin and evolution of viruses ppt

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Arial MS Pゴシック Arial Unicode MS Times New Roman Helvetica Wingdings Arial Times Blank Presentation Unknown Origins of Human AIDS Viruses Slide 2 Slide 3 Slide 4 Slide 5 Slide 6 Slide 7 Slide 8 Slide 9 Slide 10 Features of SIV/HIV evolution Features of SIV/HIV evolution Features of SIV/HIV evolution Features of SIV/HIV evolution Features . Historians are unsure who made the . endobj sdds. /S /Normal 220 0 R 221 0 R 222 0 R 223 0 R 224 0 R 225 0 R 226 0 R 228 0 R 230 0 R 231 0 R

<< endobj And now let’s move to the theories pertaining our subject: At an early stages of erath RNA molecules, Perhaps some cellular components evolved abilities to. /K 21 endobj 211 0 obj This book focuses on the mechanisms that viruses use to evolve, survive and cause disease in their hosts. endobj << /K [148 0 R 14] << Other researchers . << /P 20 0 R One finds references to fungi in Roman and Greek classics. /A 354 0 R /O /Layout /SourceModified (D:20091021150328) /A 354 0 R endobj /S /Normal /P 11 0 R endobj endobj 365 0 obj endobj <<

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A springboard for developing new approaches to understanding, preventing, and treating picornaviral diseases. • Examines the most current breakthroughs as well as the challenges that lie ahead in picornavirus research; encapsulates ... 84 0 obj 324 0 R 325 0 R 326 0 R] It is a complex linear double-stranded DNA virus. << /P 11 0 R History and Evolution of Molecular Diagnostics. /S /Normal endobj /DecodeParms 484 0 R /TextDecorationColor [0.0 0.0 0.0] /Resources << /WritingMode /LrTb

endobj /K 9 /Im0 429 0 R /Pg 335 0 R This publication is intended to contribute to prevention and control of the morbidity and mortality associated with dengue and to serve as an authoritative reference source for health workers and researchers. 25 0 obj 194 0 obj /Type /Catalog /Subscript /Span >> Live-attenuated virus Viruses are weakened by being passed through animal or human cells until they gain mutations that limit their ability to cause disease Cell Inactivated virus Virus is inactivated using Virus replicates chemicals or heat APC << endobj /GS0 397 0 R

endobj << /A 354 0 R The aim of this book is to provide an overview of the importance of exosomes in the biomedical field, which involves in novel implications of exosomes in diagnosis and treatment of cancer and infectious diseases.

This book presents all the publicly available questions from the PISA surveys. Some of these questions were used in the PISA 2000, 2003 and 2006 surveys and others were used in developing and trying out the assessment. /A 354 0 R << /K 30 /StructParents 10 /A 354 0 R /K 19

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<< endstream /A 360 0 R /S /Normal Here we briefly review the current views of virus evolution and propose a new, coherent scenario that appears to be best compatible with comparative . /K 34 << /S /Normal 8 0 obj /K 124 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] /S /Normal endobj

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/S /Normal /CropBox [0 0 612 792] The coronavirus spike protein is a multifunctional molecular machine that mediates coronavirus entry into host cells. << /Pg 346 0 R /S /Link /K 14 /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] /K 10 >> << /Pg 344 0 R /A 354 0 R /S /Normal /A 354 0 R 259 0 obj 242 0 R 243 0 R 244 0 R 245 0 R 246 0 R 247 0 R 248 0 R 249 0 R 250 0 R 251 0 R >> /K 15

/Filter /FlateDecode /S /Normal >> >> 0 0 0 0 0 500 500 444 500 444 /S /Normal /K 30 It is likely that viruses developed at an early stage in these primitive prokaryotes, but the extent to which. /P 16 0 R /MCID 0

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/Pg 350 0 R /K 3 /Type /Font /A 354 0 R << /Pg 337 0 R One of the hypotheses on the origins of viruses is the virus-first hypothesis, which asserts that they arose from complex molecules of proteins and nucleic acids before cells appeared on earth.

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/ColumnWidths [241.0 241.0] This new edition introduces new, emerging proteins involved in host-virus interactions and provides in-depth coverage of plant virus genes’ interactions with host, localization and expression. >> endobj /LastModified (D:20091021130019)

>> /Type /Page Microbiology & Diseases: Viruses, Prions & Viroids; Ziser Lecture Notes 2014.4 2 ! /Pg 336 0 R /P 20 0 R << << /K [101 0 R 102 0 R 103 0 R 104 0 R 105 0 R] << /K 18 endobj 1.3 Conclusion: How did viruses originate? /P 166 0 R << /StartIndent 0.0 /S /Normal

>> /Xi4 398 0 R >> endobj 370 0 obj /StructParents 2 124 0 obj That is why we are learning about DNA! /Pg 340 0 R Virus Vaccines APC, antigen-presenting cell. /Pg 348 0 R <> /S /Normal /A 354 0 R endobj /Pg 340 0 R /StructParents 18 /Parent 23 0 R There is evidence for the presence of living cells about 3.9 billion years ago.

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/StartIndent 9.0 endobj << Viruses and Other Acellular Infectious Agents, Lung carcinogenesis by tobacco smoke - Arabic presentation, No public clipboards found for this slide, Hunt, Gather, Parent: What Ancient Cultures Can Teach Us About the Lost Art of Raising Happy, Helpful Little Humans, An Anatomy of Pain: How the Body and the Mind Experience and Endure Physical Suffering, The Well-Gardened Mind: The Restorative Power of Nature, Happiness Becomes You: A Guide to Changing Your Life for Good, The Little Book of Game Changers: 50 Healthy Habits for Managing Stress & Anxiety, How to Sleep: The New Science-Based Solutions for Sleeping Through the Night, Beyond Coffee: A Sustainable Guide to Nootropics, Adaptogens, and Mushrooms, We Need to Hang Out: A Memoir of Making Friends, To Raise a Boy: Classrooms, Locker Rooms, Bedrooms, and the Hidden Struggles of American Boyhood, The 4 Season Solution: A Groundbreaking Plan to Fight Burnout and Tap into Optimal Health, The Green Witch: Your Complete Guide to the Natural Magic of Herbs, Flowers, Essential Oils, and More, The Vagina Bible: The Vulva and the Vagina: Separating the Myth from the Medicine, Super Human: The Bulletproof Plan to Age Backward and Maybe Even Live Forever, Why Did I Come into This Room? /S /Normal 390 0 obj /Parent 22 0 R /Pg 339 0 R >> << << 97 0 obj /P 20 0 R <<

/K 369 0 R /A 377 0 R /A 354 0 R >> Virus Evolution has received its latest Journal Impact Factor of 7.989, and we are ranked 4th out of 37 in the category Virology. /S /Normal

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/TT3 402 0 R 181 0 obj Research in the latter half of the 20th century revolutionized our knowledge of the physical nature of viruses, but comparable progress in understanding viral origins . /P 20 0 R <<

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/A 329 0 R /A 354 0 R << >> << 14 0 obj This book exemplifies some astonishing key features of viruses acting as essential agents of life. /Type /MCR

236 0 obj When two viruses infect a cell at the same time, they may swap genetic material to make new, "mixed" viruses with unique properties. endobj This edition carefully reflects the results of extensive vetting and feedback received from course instructors and students, making this renowned textbook even more appropriate for undergraduate and graduate courses in virology, ... /A 354 0 R

/A 354 0 R /Pg 348 0 R endobj 178 0 obj /Company ( ) Exam Questions and Answers on Virus. 14 [220 0 R 221 0 R 222 0 R 223 0 R 224 0 R 225 0 R 226 0 R 227 0 R 226 0 R 228 0 R /P 20 0 R /Pg 336 0 R 282 0 obj /Title (The Origin and Evolution of Viruses as Molecular Organisms) /S /Sect /A 354 0 R /K 36 /TextIndent 0.0 << /Parent 3 0 R << The first confirmed case report dates from 1789 and is by Benjamin Rush, who coined the term "breakbone fever" because of the symptoms of myalgia and arthralgia. /Placement /Inline /K 12 << >> << /O /Layout /BaselineShift 4 /Pg 339 0 R endobj /K 14

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/K 44 /Pg 347 0 R /K 1 Researchers targeted other common childhood diseases such as measles, mumps, and rubella, and vaccines for these diseases reduced the disease burden greatly. >> /P 11 0 R /S /Normal

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<< << /O /Layout /K 20 /P 20 0 R /P 20 0 R ADVERTISEMENTS: In this article we will discuss about the brief history of mycology. 222 0 obj /Contents [406 0 R 407 0 R 408 0 R 409 0 R 410 0 R 411 0 R 412 0 R 413 0 R 414 0 R 415 0 R /CropBox [0 0 612 792] /K 4 Mutations in viral RNA and recombinations of RNA from different sources lead to viral evolution. 298 0 obj /TextAlign /Justify Persistent Viral Infections focuses on: * The pathogenesis and immunology of chronic infections * Animal models that provide, or have the potential to provide, major insights This volume will be essential reading for virologists, ... /K [8 9 10 11 12 58 0 R 14] Viruses are noncellular, meaning they are biological entities that do not have a cellular structure.They therefore lack most of the components of cells, such as organelles, ribosomes, and the plasma membrane.

Determining the origin and evolution of 2019-nCoV is important for the surveillance, drug discovery, and prevention of the epidemic. /P 11 0 R /GS0 397 0 R >> 210 0 obj /SpaceAfter 0.0 /Xi11 398 0 R 2009-10-21T12:58:27-04:00 /Pg 342 0 R 19 0 obj 2009-10-21T13:00:44-04:00 To combat the threats due to pests and pathogens, plants have evolved a sophisticated two-layer defense system. /Pg 350 0 R /O /Layout

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/K 10 /P 11 0 R In this study, we analyzed 129 full-length genomes of SARS-CoV-2 viruses of a Canadian population during early phase of the pandemic. /P 11 0 R /Pg 335 0 R 292 0 obj /P 20 0 R /P 15 0 R 79 0 obj /A 360 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] 393 0 obj /ParentTreeNextKey 19 343 0 obj /A 354 0 R /Xi7 398 0 R /P 20 0 R >> /Kids [345 0 R 346 0 R 347 0 R 348 0 R 349 0 R 350 0 R] /S /Normal <> /Pg 348 0 R Definition of Viruses 2.

/K 18 Abstract Populations of plant viruses, like all other living beings, are genetically heterogeneous, a property long recognized in plant virology.

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/Pg 348 0 R See our Privacy Policy and User Agreement for details. >> Origin, evolution, and genotyping of emergent porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strains in the United States. /S /Superscript >> /Pg 346 0 R /Pg 340 0 R /K 13 /BaseFont /Helvetica-Bold /K 1 /S /HTML#20Preformatted >> /S /Normal John J. Holland. endobj

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<< >> /Type /StructTreeRoot >> /ColumnCount 2 /Rotate 0 /SpaceBefore 0.0 The work of Thomas Sydenham (1624-89), in identifying disease entities, and of John Graunt (1620-74) in using quantitative methods for the study of plague, is . /P 20 0 R endobj >> 286 0 obj /S /Normal

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/P 9 0 R /Pg 344 0 R /S /Normal If you would like to purchase both the loose-leaf version of the text and Mastering Biology search for: 0134988361 / 9780134988368 Campbell Biology in Focus, Loose-Leaf Plus Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package ... /Pg 342 0 R 160 0 R 162 0 R 163 0 R 162 0 R 164 0 R 165 0 R 164 0 R 166 0 R 167 0 R 166 0 R stream /XObject << << 195 0 obj

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